ATP2B2属于PMCA(质膜钙ATP酶)基因家族,编码一种称为质膜钙ATP酶2的蛋白质。这个基因家族的主要功能是通过消耗ATP能量将细胞内的钙离子主动转运到细胞外,维持细胞内钙离子浓度的稳态,这对许多细胞过程如信号传导、肌肉收缩和神经递质释放至关重要。ATP2B2基因主要在听觉系统中高表达,特别是在耳蜗的外毛细胞中,这些细胞对声音的放大和频率选择起关键作用。该基因的突变与常染色体显性非综合征性听力损失(DFNA41)有关,突变会导致蛋白质功能受损,影响钙离子的清除,进而破坏毛细胞的正常功能,最终导致进行性听力丧失。此外,ATP2B2的异常表达也与某些神经系统疾病和心血管疾病相关,因为钙信号在这些系统中扮演重要角色。如果ATP2B2过表达,可能会过度消耗ATP,影响细胞的能量代谢,同时可能导致细胞外钙离子浓度异常升高,干扰正常的钙信号传导。相反,如果ATP2B2表达降低,细胞内钙离子浓度会上升,可能导致细胞凋亡或功能紊乱,特别是在高度依赖钙稳态的细胞如神经元和心肌细胞中。PMCA基因家族的成员都具有相似的跨膜结构域和钙离子结合位点,但它们的组织分布和调控机制有所不同,这使得它们能够参与不同组织和生理环境中的钙稳态调节。ATP2B2的特异性在于其对听觉系统的关键作用,而其他家族成员可能在其他组织中更为重要。
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the family of P-type primary ion transport ATPases characterized by the formation of an aspartyl phosphate intermediate during the reaction cycle. These enzymes remove bivalent calcium ions from eukaryotic cells against very large concentration gradients and play a critical role in intracellular calcium homeostasis. The mammalian plasma membrane calcium ATPase isoforms are encoded by at least four separate genes and the diversity of these enzymes is further increased by alternative splicing of transcripts. The expression of different isoforms and splice variants is regulated in a developmental, tissue- and cell type-specific manner, suggesting that these pumps are functionally adapted to the physiological needs of particular cells and tissues. This gene encodes the plasma membrane calcium ATPase isoform 2. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
由该基因编码的蛋白质属于家庭P型初级离子迁移ATP酶特征天冬氨酰磷酸的反应周期期间中间体的形成。这些酶移除真核细胞中的二价钙离子对非常大的浓度梯度,发挥细胞内钙稳态的关键作用。哺乳动物质膜钙ATP酶同种型是通过至少四个分开的基因编码,并且这些酶的多样性被进一步增加转录物的可变剪接。不同同种型和剪接变体的表达在发育,组织 - 和细胞类型特异性的方式被限制,这表明这些泵在功能上适用于特定的细胞和组织的生理需要。该基因编码质膜钙ATP酶同种型2。或者剪接转录变体编码不同同种型也已确定。 [由RefSeq的,2008年7月提供]
ATP2B2基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
ATP2B2基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
---|
4020 Calcium signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04020] |
4024 cAMP signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04024] |
4022 cGMP - PKG signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04022] |
4261 Adrenergic signaling in cardiomyocytes [PATH:hsa04261] |
4970 Salivary secretion [PATH:hsa04970] |
4972 Pancreatic secretion [PATH:hsa04972] |
名称 |
---|
Hemostasis |
Ion channel transport |
Ion transport by P-type ATPases |
Platelet calcium homeostasis |
Platelet homeostasis |
Reduction of cytosolic Ca++ levels |
Transmembrane transport of small molecules |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Deafness, Autosomal Recessive 12 | 0.12 | 0 | 0 | CTD_human |
Mammary Neoplasms | 0.00272435 | 1 | 0 | LHGDN |
Encephalomyelitis | 0.00272435 | 1 | 0 | LHGDN |
Tobacco Use Disorder | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
Schizophrenia | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases | 0.002367032 | 1 | 1 | GAD |
Hearing Loss, Mixed Conductive-Sensorineural | 0.002171535 | 8 | 0 | BeFree |
Malignant neoplasm of breast | 0.000814326 | 3 | 0 | BeFree |
Breast Carcinoma | 0.000814326 | 3 | 0 | BeFree |
Cataract | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
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