CA9(碳酸酐酶9,Carbonic Anhydrase IX)是一种由CA9基因编码的酶,属于碳酸酐酶(Carbonic Anhydrase, CA)家族。该家族的主要功能是催化二氧化碳(CO2)与水(H2O)的可逆反应,生成碳酸氢根(HCO3-)和质子(H+),从而参与酸碱平衡、离子转运及细胞代谢等过程。CA9的特点在于它是一种跨膜蛋白,主要表达于某些正常组织(如胃肠道)但在多种肿瘤中显著高表达,尤其在肾细胞癌和低氧环境中。CA9的生物学功能包括调节细胞内pH值,帮助肿瘤细胞适应缺氧(hypoxia)微环境,从而促进其存活和侵袭。其主要作用位点是细胞膜,通过其胞外催化结构域发挥作用。CA9的突变可能影响其酶活性或稳定性,导致酸碱调节异常,但具体突变对机体的影响研究较少。CA9过表达与多种癌症(如肾癌、宫颈癌、乳腺癌等)的进展、转移及不良预后密切相关,因其能帮助肿瘤抵抗缺氧和酸性环境。降低CA9表达可能抑制肿瘤生长,但可能影响正常组织的pH平衡。CA9属于CA基因家族,该家族成员均含锌离子(Zn2+)活性中心,具有高度保守的催化机制,但各亚型在组织分布和功能上存在差异。CA9的过表达还可能通过影响其他基因(如HIF-1α,缺氧诱导因子)加剧肿瘤恶性行为,而抑制CA9可能增强放疗或化疗效果。目前CA9是肿瘤靶向治疗的研究热点之一,其抑制剂或抗体疗法正在探索中。
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are a large family of zinc metalloenzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. They participate in a variety of biological processes, including respiration, calcification, acid-base balance, bone resorption, and the formation of aqueous humor, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, and gastric acid. They show extensive diversity in tissue distribution and in their subcellular localization. CA IX is a transmembrane protein and is one of only two tumor-associated carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes known. It is expressed in all clear-cell renal cell carcinoma, but is not detected in normal kidney or most other normal tissues. It may be involved in cell proliferation and transformation. This gene was mapped to 17q21.2 by fluorescence in situ hybridization, however, radiation hybrid mapping localized it to 9p13-p12. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2014]
碳酸酐酶(CA)的是一个大家族催化二氧化碳可逆的水化锌金属酶。他们参与多种生物过程,包括呼吸,钙化,酸碱平衡,骨吸收,和房水的形成,脑脊髓液,唾液,和胃酸。这些数字表明组织分布,并在其亚细胞定位广泛的多样性。 CA IX是跨膜蛋白,是公知的只有两个肿瘤相关碳酸酐同工酶之一。它是在所有透明细胞肾细胞癌中表达,但在正常肾脏或大多数其它正常组织中未检测。它可能参与细胞增殖和转化。该基因是由荧光原位杂交映射到17q21.2然而,放射杂交映射它定位于9p13-P12。 [由RefSeq的,2014年6月提供]
CA9基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
CA9基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
---|
910 Nitrogen metabolism [PATH:hsa00910] |
名称 |
---|
Cellular response to hypoxia |
Cellular responses to stress |
Metabolism |
Regulation of gene expression by Hypoxia-inducible Factor |
Regulation of Hypoxia-inducible Factor (HIF) by oxygen |
Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Anoxia | 0.147243502 | 11 | 0 | CTD_human_LHGDN |
Noninfiltrating Intraductal Carcinoma | 0.120542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
Ductal Carcinoma | 0.120542884 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
Myeloid Leukemia, Chronic | 0.120271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
Pulmonary Hypertension | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Anaplasia | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Right Ventricular Hypertrophy | 0.08 | 1 | 0 | RGD |
Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental | 0.08 | 1 | 0 | RGD |
Renal Cell Carcinoma | 0.01758764 | 38 | 0 | BeFree_GAD_LHGDN |
Squamous cell carcinoma | 0.014978961 | 9 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN |
山东省济南市章丘区文博路2号 齐鲁师范学院 genelibs生信实验室
山东省济南市高新区舜华路750号大学科技园北区F座4单元2楼
电话: 0531-88819269
E-mail: product@genelibs.com
关注微信订阅号,实时查看信息,关注医学生物学动态。