CD28基因详情-基因数据库-基因云馆

CD28 (CD28 molecule)

symbol:: CD28
locus group:: protein-coding gene
location:: 2q33.2
gene_family:: CD molecules|V-set domain containing
alias symbol:: None
alias name:: T-cell-specific surface glycoprote…
entrez id:: 940
ensembl gene id:: ENSG00000178562
ucsc gene id:: uc002vah.6
refseq accession:: NM_006139
hgnc_id:: HGNC:1653
approved reserved:: 1988-05-11

2q33.2

CD28是一种重要的免疫共刺激分子，属于免疫球蛋白超家族（Immunoglobulin Superfamily, IgSF），主要表达于T细胞表面。它的生物学功能是通过与抗原呈递细胞（APC）上的配体B7-1（CD80）和B7-2（CD86）结合，提供T细胞活化的第二信号（共刺激信号），这对T细胞的完全激活、增殖和存活至关重要。CD28的信号传导依赖于其胞内段与PI3K（磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶）和Grb2（生长因子受体结合蛋白2）等适配蛋白的相互作用，最终激活AKT和NF-κB等通路，促进细胞因子（如IL-2）的分泌。CD28的突变或功能缺失会导致T细胞无法有效激活，引发免疫缺陷，例如某些原发性免疫缺陷病（如CD28缺失患者易发生反复感染）。相反，CD28的过度激活可能与自身免疫疾病（如类风湿性关节炎）或慢性炎症相关，因其可能过度增强T细胞反应。CD28属于CD28家族，该家族还包括CTLA-4（细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关蛋白4）、ICOS（诱导性共刺激分子）和PD-1（程序性死亡受体1）等成员，这些分子均参与调节T细胞免疫应答，但功能不同：CD28和ICOS主要提供正向刺激，而CTLA-4和PD-1则发挥抑制性作用。若CD28表达降低（如衰老或某些病毒感染后），T细胞反应会减弱，导致免疫应答不足；而过表达可能加剧炎症或自身免疫反应。在肿瘤免疫治疗中，针对CD28家族分子（如CTLA-4或PD-1）的抑制剂已被广泛应用，但直接靶向CD28的疗法需谨慎，因其可能引发过度免疫激活。CD28的共刺激机制是免疫检查点研究的核心内容之一，其平衡对维持免疫稳态至关重要。

The protein encoded by this gene is essential for T-cell proliferation and survival, cytokine production, and T-helper type-2 development. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Jul 2011]

由该基因编码的蛋白质是T细胞增殖和存活，细胞因子的产生，和T辅助2型发展至关重要。几个可变剪接转录变异体的编码不同亚型也发现了这种基因。[由RefSeq的，2011年7月提供]

OMIM数据库中对CD28基因的介绍 Wikipedia数据库中对CD28基因的介绍

CD28基因的碱基序列：[NCBI]

Loading Gene Browser...

CD28基因的碱基突变：仅显示部分snp

rs1181388 rs1181389 rs1181390 rs1879877 rs2013278 rs2140148 rs3115964 rs3115965 rs3115966 rs3116483 rs3116484 rs3116485 rs3116486 rs3116487 rs3116488 rs3116490 rs3116491

CD28基因在不同组织中的表达： [UniProt]

正向引物序列

正向Tm值

反向引物序列

反向Tm值

评分

TCAAGTAACAGGGAAACACCT

59

TATAGCAAGCCAGGACTCC

59

CTTGATCATGTGCCCTAAGG

59

ATCTTGTTTCCTGCCAAGG

58

ATTTCCCGGACCTTCTAAGC

59

TCCTCTTACTCCTCACCCA

58

CCATGTGAAAGGGAAACACC

60

CTATAGCAAGCCAGGACTCC

60

TGATCATGTGCCCTAAGGG

59

AATCTTGTTTCCTGCCAAGG

59

CCATGTGAAAGGGAAACACC

60

TATAGCAAGCCAGGACTCC

59

TTTCCCGGACCTTCTAAGC

59

TCCTCTTACTCCTCACCCA

58

TCAAGTAACAGGGAAACACC

58

TATAGCAAGCCAGGACTCC

59

CAAGTAACAGGGAAACACCT

58

TATAGCAAGCCAGGACTCC

59

CATGTGAAAGGGAAACACCT

58

TATAGCAAGCCAGGACTCC

59

转录因子

影响基因

影响类型

参考文献链接（PubMed）

EGR1

CD28

Unknown

10510368

NFKB1

CD28

Unknown

16365455

RELA

CD28

Unknown

16365455

SP1

CD28

Unknown

10510368

CD28基因（以及对应的蛋白质）的细胞分布位置：

[UniProt] [GenomeNet]

质膜
细胞质
细胞外
高尔基体
囊泡
细胞骨架
内质网
细胞核
内体
溶酶体
线粒体

CD28基因的本体（GO）信息：

GO库代码

对应的蛋白质

来源代码

GO:0001772

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0002020

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IPI

GO:0002863

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0005070

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IDA

GO:0005515

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IPI

GO:0005515

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IPI

GO:0005515

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IPI

GO:0005515

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IPI

GO:0005515

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IPI

GO:0005515

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IPI

GO:0005515

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IPI

GO:0005515

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IPI

GO:0005515

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IPI

GO:0005515

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IPI

GO:0005515

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IPI

GO:0005515

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IPI

GO:0005829

P10747 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IDA

GO:0005886

P10747 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P10747 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P10747 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P10747 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P10747 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P10747 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P10747 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P10747 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P10747 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P10747 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P10747 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P10747 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P10747 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P10747 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P10747 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P10747 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005887

P10747 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0006959

P10747 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0007166

P10747 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0009897

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IDA

GO:0009986

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IDA

GO:0010628

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IMP

GO:0010629

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IMP

GO:0014066

P10747 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0014068

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0015026

P10747 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0019901

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0031295

P10747 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0031295

P10747 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0032733

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IDA

GO:0032753

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IDA

GO:0042089

P10747 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0042102

P10747 (UniProtKB)

ISS

GO:0042102

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IDA

GO:0042102

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IDA

GO:0042102

P10747 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0042802

P10747 (UniProtKB)

NAS

GO:0045060

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0045066

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IDA

GO:0045070

P10747 (UniProtKB)

NAS

GO:0045086

P10747 (UniProtKB)

ISS

GO:0045086

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IDA

GO:0045589

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0045727

P10747 (UniProtKB)

NAS

GO:0045840

P10747 (UniProtKB)

ISS

GO:0045840

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IDA

GO:0045944

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0046641

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0046854

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0046934

P10747 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0048015

P10747 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0048304

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0050690

P10747 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0050852

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0051897

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0097190

P10747 (UniProtKB)

IEA

可能调控 CD28基因的相关microRNA：

hsa-miR-26b hsa-miR-126 hsa-miR-126* hsa-miR-15a hsa-miR-15a* hsa-miR-15b hsa-miR-15b* hsa-miR-16 hsa-miR-193a-3p hsa-miR-214

Reactome

MINT

BioGrid

IntAct

mentha

String

序号	作用方式	资源库来源/分值	基因名称	基因名称

KEGG
Reactomepathway

名称
4514 Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) [PATH:hsa04514]
4660 T cell receptor signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04660]
4672 Intestinal immune network for IgA production [PATH:hsa04672]
5322 Systemic lupus erythematosus [PATH:hsa05322]
5323 Rheumatoid arthritis [PATH:hsa05323]
5320 Autoimmune thyroid disease [PATH:hsa05320]
5330 Allograft rejection [PATH:hsa05330]
5332 Graft-versus-host disease [PATH:hsa05332]
5416 Viral myocarditis [PATH:hsa05416]
4940 Type I diabetes mellitus [PATH:hsa04940]
5162 Measles [PATH:hsa05162]

名称
Adaptive Immune System
CD28 co-stimulation
CD28 dependent PI3K/Akt signaling
CD28 dependent Vav1 pathway
Constitutive Signaling by Aberrant PI3K in Cancer
Costimulation by the CD28 family
DAP12 interactions
DAP12 signaling
Disease
Diseases of signal transduction
Downstream signal transduction
Downstream signaling events of B Cell Receptor (BCR)
Downstream signaling of activated FGFR1
Downstream signaling of activated FGFR2
Downstream signaling of activated FGFR3
Downstream signaling of activated FGFR4
Fc epsilon receptor (FCERI) signaling
GAB1 signalosome
HIV Infection
Host Interactions of HIV factors
Immune System
Infectious disease
Innate Immune System
Nef mediated downregulation of CD28 cell surface expression
Nef-mediates down modulation of cell surface receptors by recruiting them to clathrin adapters
NGF signalling via TRKA from the plasma membrane
PI-3K cascade:FGFR1
PI-3K cascade:FGFR2
PI-3K cascade:FGFR3
PI-3K cascade:FGFR4
PI3K events in ERBB2 signaling
PI3K events in ERBB4 signaling
PI3K/AKT activation
PI3K/AKT Signaling in Cancer
PIP3 activates AKT signaling
Role of LAT2/NTAL/LAB on calcium mobilization
Signal Transduction
Signaling by EGFR
Signaling by ERBB2
Signaling by ERBB4
Signaling by FGFR
Signaling by FGFR1
Signaling by FGFR2
Signaling by FGFR3
Signaling by FGFR4
Signaling by PDGF
Signaling by SCF-KIT
Signaling by the B Cell Receptor (BCR)
Signalling by NGF
The role of Nef in HIV-1 replication and disease pathogenesis

疾病名称

关系值

NofPmids

NofSnps

来源

疾病名称	关系值	NofPmids	NofSnps	来源
Rheumatoid Arthritis	0.136611493	29	0	BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN
HIV Infections	0.136034933	42	0	BeFree_CTD_human_LHGDN
Autoimmune Diseases	0.122985861	13	0	BeFree_CTD_human
Berylliosis	0.12	1	0	CTD_human
Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma	0.12	1	0	CTD_human
Adult T-Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia	0.12	1	0	CTD_human
Chloracne	0.12	1	0	CTD_human
Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous	0.12	2	0	CTD_human
Lymphopenia	0.083267234	4	0	BeFree_LHGDN_RGD
Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis	0.080271442	2	0	BeFree_RGD

CD28 (CD28 molecule)

基因基本信息

基因基本信息

基因染色体位置

基因染色体位置

基因简述

基因简述

基因序列

基因序列

基因突变

基因突变

基因表达

基因表达

基因引物

基因引物

转录因子

转录因子

基因本体信息

基因相关microRNA

基因相关microRNA

基因相互作用关系

基因相互作用关系

基因通路

基因通路

基因相关疾病

基因相关疾病

基因相关服务

基因相关服务

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