CD3D(Cluster of Differentiation 3 Delta)是T细胞受体(TCR)复合体的重要组成部分,属于CD3基因家族(包括CD3G、CD3E、CD3D和CD3Z)。该家族编码的蛋白共同形成TCR-CD3复合物,负责T细胞识别抗原后的信号传导。CD3D基因表达产物CD3δ是一种跨膜蛋白,与CD3γ、CD3ε和CD3ζ通过非共价键结合,协助TCR稳定表达于T细胞表面并传递活化信号。其主要作用位点是T细胞膜,当TCR结合抗原肽-MHC复合物时,CD3D的免疫受体酪氨酸活化基序(ITAM,一种信号传导结构域)被磷酸化,触发下游信号通路(如ZAP-70激酶活化),最终激活T细胞免疫应答。CD3D突变可能导致严重联合免疫缺陷病(SCID),表现为T细胞发育障碍或功能缺失,患者易发生反复感染。该基因与自身免疫疾病(如1型糖尿病、多发性硬化症)也有关联,因异常T细胞活化会攻击自身组织。若CD3D过表达,可能增强T细胞敏感性,导致过度免疫反应或自身免疫;而表达降低则会引起T细胞功能缺陷,增加感染或肿瘤风险。CD3基因家族的共性在于均编码TCR-CD3复合物的亚基,具有保守的ITAM结构域,参与早期T细胞信号转导。专业术语解释:TCR(T细胞受体)是T细胞表面识别抗原的分子;MHC(主要组织相容性复合体)是呈递抗原的蛋白质;SCID(严重联合免疫缺陷病)是一类遗传性免疫系统疾病。目前中文术语"免疫受体酪氨酸活化基序"(ITAM)为直接翻译,英文原词为immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif。
The protein encoded by this gene is part of the T-cell receptor/CD3 complex (TCR/CD3 complex) and is involved in T-cell development and signal transduction. The encoded membrane protein represents the delta subunit of the CD3 complex, and along with four other CD3 subunits, binds either TCR alpha/beta or TCR gamma/delta to form the TCR/CD3 complex on the surface of T-cells. Defects in this gene are a cause of severe combined immunodeficiency autosomal recessive T-cell-negative/B-cell-positive/NK-cell-positive (SCIDBNK). Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Other variants may also exist, but the full-length natures of their transcripts has yet to be defined. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2009]
由该基因编码的蛋白质是T细胞受体/ CD3复合物(TCR / CD3复合)的一部分,参与T细胞发育和信号转导。所编码的膜蛋白代表的CD3复合物的增量亚基,并与其他四个CD3亚基一起结合任一的TCRα/β或TCR伽玛/三角形以形成T细胞表面上的TCR / CD3复合。在这个基因的缺陷是严重的联合免疫缺陷常染色体隐性遗传的T细胞阴性??/ B细胞阳性/ NK细胞阳性(SCIDBNK)的一个原因。已发现该基因编码不同亚型的两个转录变异体。其它变型也是可能存在,但它们的转录物的全长性质尚未被定义。 [由RefSeq的,2009年2月提供]
CD3D基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
CD3D基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
---|
4640 Hematopoietic cell lineage [PATH:hsa04640] |
4660 T cell receptor signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04660] |
5340 Primary immunodeficiency [PATH:hsa05340] |
5166 HTLV-I infection [PATH:hsa05166] |
5162 Measles [PATH:hsa05162] |
5142 Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis) [PATH:hsa05142] |
名称 |
---|
Adaptive Immune System |
Costimulation by the CD28 family |
Downstream TCR signaling |
Generation of second messenger molecules |
Immune System |
Immunoregulatory interactions between a Lymphoid and a non-Lymphoid cell |
PD-1 signaling |
Phosphorylation of CD3 and TCR zeta chains |
TCR signaling |
Translocation of ZAP-70 to Immunological synapse |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency | 0.123810118 | 6 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_LHGDN |
IMMUNODEFICIENCY 19 | 0.12 | 0 | 3 | CLINVAR |
Neurotoxicity Syndromes | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Dermatitis, Allergic Contact | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency, Autosomal Recessive, T Cell-Negative, B Cell-Positive, NK Cell-Negative | 0.12 | 0 | 0 | CTD_human |
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency, Autosomal Recessive, T Cell Negative, B Cell Positive, NK Cell Positive | 0.12 | 0 | 0 | CTD_human |
Biliary cirrhosis | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Liver diseases | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Celiac Disease | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
Hay fever | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
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