PCGF2(Polycomb Group RING Finger Protein 2)属于Polycomb家族(PcG)的成员,该家族是一组保守的表观遗传调控蛋白,通过修饰染色质结构(如组蛋白甲基化或泛素化)来沉默靶基因表达,主要参与胚胎发育、细胞分化及干细胞多能性维持。PCGF2是Polycomb抑制复合物1(PRC1)的核心组分,其典型功能是通过RING结构域与E3泛素连接酶结合,催化组蛋白H2A的泛素化(H2AK119ub),从而抑制基因转录。PRC1还能通过染色质压缩阻碍转录因子结合,进一步强化基因沉默。PCGF2的作用位点集中在发育相关基因(如Hox基因簇)和细胞周期调控因子的启动子区域。若PCGF2发生功能丧失性突变,可能导致靶基因异常激活,引发发育畸形或肿瘤(如白血病),因其对造血干细胞分化的调控至关重要;而增益性突变可能过度抑制抑癌基因,促进癌症进展。PCGF2过表达会增强PRC1的沉默效应,可能阻碍细胞分化或维持干细胞特性,与多种癌症(如胶质母细胞瘤)的侵袭性相关;反之,低表达可能导致发育基因失控表达,破坏组织稳态。Polycomb家族(包括PCGF1-6等)的共性是通过形成PRC1/PRC2复合物协同调控基因沉默,其中PRC2负责起始抑制(通过H3K27me3标记),PRC1(含PCGF2)维持抑制状态。该家族在表观遗传记忆和细胞命运决定中具有核心作用,其异常与癌症、神经退行性疾病及免疫紊乱密切相关。
The protein encoded by this gene contains a RING finger motif and is similar to the polycomb group (PcG) gene products. PcG gene products form complexes via protein-protein interaction and maintain the transcription repression of genes involved in embryogenesis, cell cycles, and tumorigenesis. This protein was shown to act as a negative regulator of transcription and has tumor suppressor activity. The expression of this gene was detected in various tumor cells, but is limited in neural organs in normal tissues. Knockout studies in mice suggested that this protein may negatively regulate the expression of different cytokines, chemokines, and chemokine receptors, and thus plays an important role in lymphocyte differentiation and migration, as well as in immune responses. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
由该基因编码的蛋白质中含有RING指基序和类似于聚硫组(PCG)的基因产物。 PCG基因产物经由蛋白质 - 蛋白质相互作用形成复合物,并保持参与胚胎发生,细胞周期和肿瘤发生的基因的转录抑制。这种蛋白质被证明作为转录的负调节,并具有肿瘤抑制活性。在各种肿瘤细胞中检测到该基因的表达,但在神经器官被限制在正常组织。在小鼠中敲除研究表明,该蛋白可能负调节不同的细胞因子,趋化因子和趋化因子受体的表达,并因此起到淋巴细胞分化和迁移中起重要作用,以及在免疫应答。 [由RefSeq的,2008年7月提供]
PCGF2基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
PCGF2基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
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4550 Signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells [PATH:hsa04550] |
名称 |
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Metabolism of proteins |
Post-translational protein modification |
SUMO E3 ligases SUMOylate target proteins |
SUMOylation |
SUMOylation of DNA damage response and repair proteins |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Mammary Neoplasms | 0.003267234 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN |
Malignant neoplasm of prostate | 0.002909916 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_GAD |
Breast Carcinoma | 0.002442977 | 9 | 0 | BeFree |
Malignant neoplasm of breast | 0.002442977 | 9 | 0 | BeFree |
Carcinogenesis | 0.001628651 | 6 | 0 | BeFree |
Tumor Progression | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
Stomach Carcinoma | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
Medulloblastoma | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
Secondary malignant neoplasm of lymph node | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
Malignant neoplasm of stomach | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
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