PRKCD (protein kinase C delta)
- symbol:
- PRKCD
- locus group:
- protein-coding gene
- location:
- 3p21.1
- gene_family:
- C2 domain containing protein kinases
- alias symbol:
- None
- alias name:
- None
- entrez id:
- 5580
- ensembl gene id:
- ENSG00000163932
- ucsc gene id:
- uc003dgm.4
- refseq accession:
- NM_001316327
- hgnc_id:
- HGNC:9399
- approved reserved:
- 1991-08-06
PRKCD（蛋白激酶C delta型）属于蛋白激酶C（PKC）家族，这是一个丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶家族，参与多种细胞信号传导过程。PKC家族成员通常通过磷脂酰肌醇信号通路被激活，并在细胞增殖、分化、凋亡和迁移等过程中发挥关键作用。PRKCD作为PKC家族的一员，主要分布在多种组织中，尤其在免疫细胞和神经系统中表达较高。它的生物学功能包括调控细胞凋亡、炎症反应、氧化应激反应以及免疫细胞的活化。PRKCD通过磷酸化下游靶蛋白来传递信号，影响细胞的命运和功能。PRKCD的突变或异常表达与多种疾病相关，包括癌症、自身免疫性疾病和神经退行性疾病。例如，PRKCD的过度激活可能导致细胞凋亡异常，促进肿瘤发展；而在某些自身免疫疾病中，PRKCD的活性增强可能加剧炎症反应。相反，PRKCD表达降低可能导致免疫细胞功能缺陷，增加感染风险。PRKCD还参与调控其他基因的表达或活性，例如通过影响NF-κB等转录因子的活性来调节炎症相关基因的表达。在基因家族方面，PKC家族根据其结构和激活机制分为三类：经典PKC（cPKC，如PKCα、PKCβ）、新型PKC（nPKC，如PKCδ、PKCε）和非典型PKC（aPKC，如PKCζ）。PRKCD属于新型PKC，这类成员不依赖钙离子但需要二酰基甘油（DAG）激活。PKC家族的共性包括参与细胞信号传导、依赖第二信使激活以及通过磷酸化底物蛋白调控细胞功能。PRKCD的过表达可能增强细胞对凋亡信号的敏感性，而表达降低则可能削弱免疫应答或导致细胞存活异常。这些特性使PRKCD成为多种疾病治疗的潜在靶点。
Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of serine- and threonine-specific protein kinases that can be activated by calcium and the second messenger diacylglycerol. PKC family members phosphorylate a wide variety of protein targets and are known to be involved in diverse cellular signaling pathways. PKC family members also serve as major receptors for phorbol esters, a class of tumor promoters. Each member of the PKC family has a specific expression profile and is believed to play distinct roles in cells. The protein encoded by this gene is one of the PKC family members. Studies both in human and mice demonstrate that this kinase is involved in B cell signaling and in the regulation of growth, apoptosis, and differentiation of a variety of cell types. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been observed. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
蛋白激酶C（PKC）是可以通过钙和第二信使甘油二酯被激活丝氨酸和苏氨酸特异性蛋白激酶家族。 PKC家族成员磷酸化多种蛋白靶和已知参与不同的细胞信号传导途径。 PKC家族成员还作为主要受体佛波醇酯，一类促癌物。在PKC家族的每个成员都有一个特定的表达谱，被认为在细胞中发挥不同作用。由该基因编码的蛋白质是蛋白激酶C家族成员之一。无论是在人类和小鼠的研究表明，该激酶是参与B细胞信号传导和生长，细胞凋亡，和各种细胞类型的分化的调节。编码相同蛋白质可变剪接转录物变体已观察到。 [由RefSeq的，2008年7月提供]
基因本体信息
PRKCD基因（以及对应的蛋白质）的细胞分布位置：
- 质膜
- 细胞质
- 细胞外
- 高尔基体
- 囊泡
- 细胞骨架
- 内质网
- 细胞核
- 内体
- 溶酶体
- 线粒体
PRKCD基因的本体（GO）信息：
| 名称 |
|---|
| 4530 Tight junction [PATH:hsa04530] |
| 4664 Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04664] |
| 4666 Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis [PATH:hsa04666] |
| 4062 Chemokine signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04062] |
| 4912 GnRH signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04912] |
| 4915 Estrogen signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04915] |
| 4270 Vascular smooth muscle contraction [PATH:hsa04270] |
| 4722 Neurotrophin signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04722] |
| 4750 Inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels [PATH:hsa04750] |
| 4930 Type II diabetes mellitus [PATH:hsa04930] |
| 名称 |
|---|
| Apoptosis |
| Apoptotic cleavage of cellular proteins |
| Apoptotic execution phase |
| C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) |
| Ca-dependent events |
| Calmodulin induced events |
| CaM pathway |
| CLEC7A (Dectin-1) signaling |
| Cytokine Signaling in Immune system |
| DAG and IP3 signaling |
| DAP12 interactions |
| DAP12 signaling |
| Downstream signal transduction |
| Downstream signaling of activated FGFR1 |
| Downstream signaling of activated FGFR2 |
| Downstream signaling of activated FGFR3 |
| Downstream signaling of activated FGFR4 |
| Effects of PIP2 hydrolysis |
| EGFR interacts with phospholipase C-gamma |
| Fcgamma receptor (FCGR) dependent phagocytosis |
| G alpha (q) signalling events |
| G alpha (z) signalling events |
| G-protein mediated events |
| Gastrin-CREB signalling pathway via PKC and MAPK |
| Gene Expression |
| GPCR downstream signaling |
| Hemostasis |
| HuR stabilizes mRNA |
| Immune System |
| Innate Immune System |
| Interferon gamma signaling |
| Interferon Signaling |
| NGF signalling via TRKA from the plasma membrane |
| Opioid Signalling |
| Phospholipase C-mediated cascade; FGFR2 |
| Phospholipase C-mediated cascade; FGFR3 |
| Phospholipase C-mediated cascade; FGFR4 |
| Phospholipase C-mediated cascade: FGFR1 |
| Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation |
| PLC beta mediated events |
| PLC-gamma1 signalling |
| PLCG1 events in ERBB2 signaling |
| Programmed Cell Death |
| Regulation of mRNA stability by proteins that bind AU-rich elements |
| Role of phospholipids in phagocytosis |
| Signaling by EGFR |
| Signaling by ERBB2 |
| Signaling by FGFR |
| Signaling by FGFR1 |
| Signaling by FGFR2 |
| Signaling by FGFR3 |
| Signaling by FGFR4 |
| Signaling by GPCR |
| Signaling by PDGF |
| Signaling by VEGF |
| Signalling by NGF |
| VEGFA-VEGFR2 Pathway |
| VEGFR2 mediated cell proliferation |
| 疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
| Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental | 0.2 | 2 | 0 | CTD_human_RGD |
| Hypertensive disease | 0.2 | 3 | 0 | CTD_human_RGD |
| AUTOIMMUNE LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE SYNDROME, TYPE III | 0.12 | 0 | 3 | CLINVAR |
| Neurotoxicity Syndromes | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Common Variable Immunodeficiency | 0.12 | 0 | 0 | ORPHANET |
| Parkinsonian Disorders | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS 16 | 0.12 | 0 | 0 | ORPHANET |
| Seizures | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome | 0.12 | 0 | 0 | ORPHANET |
| Intestinal Neoplasms | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
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