PTCH1(Patched 1)基因是Hedgehog信号通路中的关键抑制性受体,属于PTCH基因家族(包括PTCH1和PTCH2)。该家族基因编码跨膜蛋白,主要功能是抑制Hedgehog信号通路的活性。PTCH1在胚胎发育、细胞增殖和组织分化中起重要作用,尤其在骨骼、神经系统和皮肤发育中表现突出。其表达产物PTCH1蛋白通过与配体结合(如Sonic Hedgehog, SHH)调控下游信号传导,正常情况下抑制SMO(Smoothened)蛋白的活性,从而抑制靶基因的转录。若PTCH1发生功能丧失性突变,会导致Hedgehog信号通路过度激活,与多种疾病相关,最常见的是基底细胞癌综合征(Gorlin综合征),表现为多发性基底细胞癌、颌骨囊肿和骨骼异常。此外,PTCH1突变还与髓母细胞瘤、横纹肌肉瘤等肿瘤发生有关。PTCH1过表达会过度抑制Hedgehog通路,可能影响细胞正常分化和组织发育,而表达降低或缺失则导致通路持续激活,促进细胞异常增殖和肿瘤形成。PTCH基因家族的共性包括编码跨膜受体蛋白、负调控Hedgehog信号通路以及参与发育和肿瘤抑制。PTCH1的表达水平变化还可能影响下游靶基因(如GLI1、MYCN)的转录,进一步干扰细胞周期和凋亡过程。研究PTCH1有助于理解发育异常和癌症机制,并为靶向治疗(如SMO抑制剂)提供理论依据。
This gene encodes a member of the patched gene family. The encoded protein is the receptor for sonic hedgehog, a secreted molecule implicated in the formation of embryonic structures and in tumorigenesis, as well as the desert hedgehog and indian hedgehog proteins. This gene functions as a tumor suppressor. Mutations of this gene have been associated with basal cell nevus syndrome, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, trichoepitheliomas, transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder, as well as holoprosencephaly. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. Additional splice variants have been described, but their full length sequences and biological validity cannot be determined currently. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
该基因编码的基因修补家族的一员。所编码的蛋白质为音猬,在胚胎结构的形成和在肿瘤发生牵连分泌的分子,以及在沙漠刺猬和印度刺猬蛋白受体。该基因作为肿瘤抑制。该基因突变已与基底细胞痣综合征,食管鳞状细胞癌,trichoepitheliomas,膀胱移行细胞癌相关的,以及holoprosencephaly。在多个转录剪接变异体导致编码不同亚型。附加剪接变体已被描述,但是它们的全长序列和生物有效性不能当前确定。 [由RefSeq的,2008年7月提供]
PTCH1基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
PTCH1基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
---|
4340 Hedgehog signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04340] |
4024 cAMP signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04024] |
5200 Pathways in cancer [PATH:hsa05200] |
5205 Proteoglycans in cancer [PATH:hsa05205] |
5217 Basal cell carcinoma [PATH:hsa05217] |
名称 |
---|
Activation of SMO |
Class B/2 (Secretin family receptors) |
GLI proteins bind promoters of Hh responsive genes to promote transcription |
GPCR ligand binding |
Hedgehog 'off' state |
Hedgehog 'on' state |
Ligand-receptor interactions |
Signaling by GPCR |
Signaling by Hedgehog |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome | 0.612749107 | 117 | 4 | BeFree_CLINVAR_CTD_human_LHGDN_MGD_ORPHANET_UNIPROT |
HOLOPROSENCEPHALY 7 | 0.360271442 | 3 | 6 | BeFree_CLINVAR_CTD_human_UNIPROT |
Medulloblastoma | 0.2127677 | 38 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_LHGDN_MGD |
BASAL CELL CARCINOMA, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO, 1 | 0.2 | 1 | 0 | MGD_UNIPROT |
Basal cell carcinoma | 0.168323668 | 19 | 0 | CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN |
Skin Neoplasms | 0.125819831 | 6 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD |
Pancreatic Neoplasm | 0.122909916 | 4 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD |
Cleft Lip | 0.122638474 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD |
Cleft Palate | 0.122367032 | 2 | 0 | CTD_human_GAD |
Pulmonary function (finding) | 0.122367032 | 2 | 1 | GAD_GWASCAT |
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