RAD50是MRE11-RAD50-NBS1(MRN)复合体的核心成员之一,属于DNA损伤修复基因家族。该基因家族主要负责维持基因组稳定性,参与DNA双链断裂(DSB)的识别、信号传导和修复。RAD50编码的蛋白质具有ATP酶活性,其结构包含两个卷曲螺旋结构域和一个中央的锌钩结构域,能够介导DNA末端的桥接和稳定。RAD50与MRE11和NBS1形成MRN复合物,共同在DNA损伤应答中发挥关键作用,包括同源重组(HR)和非同源末端连接(NHEJ)修复途径。突变或功能缺失的RAD50会导致DNA修复缺陷,增加基因组不稳定性,与多种疾病相关,如遗传性癌症易感综合征(如乳腺癌和卵巢癌)、共济失调毛细血管扩张症样障碍(ATLD)和Nijmegen断裂综合征。RAD50的过表达可能扰乱正常的DNA修复平衡,导致修复异常或基因组重排,而表达降低则会使细胞对DNA损伤剂敏感,增加突变积累和肿瘤发生风险。MRN复合物还参与端粒维持和减数分裂重组,因此RAD50功能异常可能影响生殖细胞发育和染色体稳定性。该基因家族(包括MRE11和NBS1)的共性在于它们共同协调DNA损伤感应、细胞周期检查点激活和修复机制,确保遗传信息的准确传递。研究RAD50有助于理解癌症、神经退行性疾病和免疫缺陷等疾病的分子机制,并为靶向治疗提供潜在策略。
The protein encoded by this gene is highly similar to Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rad50, a protein involved in DNA double-strand break repair. This protein forms a complex with MRE11 and NBS1. The protein complex binds to DNA and displays numerous enzymatic activities that are required for nonhomologous joining of DNA ends. This protein, cooperating with its partners, is important for DNA double-strand break repair, cell cycle checkpoint activation, telomere maintenance, and meiotic recombination. Knockout studies of the mouse homolog suggest this gene is essential for cell growth and viability. Mutations in this gene are the cause of Nijmegen breakage syndrome-like disorder.[provided by RefSeq, Apr 2010]
由该基因编码的蛋白质是高度类似于酿酒酵母RAD50,参与DNA双链断裂修复的蛋白质。此蛋白与MRE11和NBS1的复合物。蛋白质复合物与DNA结合,并显示所必需的同源接合的DNA末端众多的酶活性。这种蛋白质,与合作伙伴的合作,是DNA双链断裂修复,细胞周期检查点激活,端粒维持和减数分裂重组的重要。小鼠同源物的基因敲除研究显示该基因是细胞生长和存活所必需的。在这个基因的突变是奈梅亨断裂综合征样病症的起因。[通过的RefSeq,2010年4月提供]
RAD50基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
RAD50基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
---|
3440 Homologous recombination [PATH:hsa03440] |
3450 Non-homologous end-joining [PATH:hsa03450] |
名称 |
---|
Assembly of the RAD50-MRE11-NBS1 complex at DNA double-strand breaks |
Cell Cycle |
Cellular responses to stress |
Cellular Senescence |
DNA Damage/Telomere Stress Induced Senescence |
DNA Repair |
Double-Strand Break Repair |
Homologous Recombination Repair |
Homologous recombination repair of replication-independent double-strand breaks |
Meiosis |
Meiotic recombination |
MRN complex relocalizes to nuclear foci |
Recruitment of repair and signaling proteins to double-strand breaks |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome-Like Disorder | 0.36 | 0 | 2 | CLINVAR_CTD_human_ORPHANET |
Asthma | 0.246362715 | 7 | 2 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_GWASCAT |
Inflammatory dermatosis | 0.12 | 1 | 1 | GWASCAT |
Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary | 0.12 | 0 | 39 | CLINVAR |
Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome | 0.12 | 0 | 0 | ORPHANET |
Liver Cirrhosis | 0.08 | 1 | 0 | RGD |
Myocardial Infarction | 0.08 | 1 | 0 | RGD |
Malignant neoplasm of breast | 0.024017707 | 17 | 0 | BeFree_GAD |
Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin | 0.007372538 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_GAD |
Mammary Neoplasms | 0.005720142 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN |
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