SPTA1 (spectrin alpha, erythrocytic 1)

symbol:
SPTA1
locus group:
protein-coding gene
location:
1q23.1
gene_family:
EF-hand domain containing
alias symbol:
EL2
alias name:
elliptocytosis 2
entrez id:
6708
ensembl gene id:
ENSG00000163554
ucsc gene id:
uc001fst.2
refseq accession:
NM_003126
hgnc_id:
HGNC:11272
approved reserved:
2001-06-22
1q23.1
基因染色体位置图

SPTA1(Spectrin Alpha 1)是编码血影蛋白α链的基因,属于血影蛋白(Spectrin)基因家族。该家族成员(如SPTA1、SPTB等)主要参与细胞骨架的形成,维持细胞形态和机械稳定性,尤其在红细胞中与膜蛋白(如锚蛋白、带3蛋白)结合形成网状结构,保障红细胞的柔韧性和抗剪切能力。SPTA1的表达产物α-血影蛋白与β-血影蛋白结合形成异源二聚体,进一步组装为四聚体,构成红细胞膜骨架的核心框架。其作用位点集中在细胞膜内侧,通过连接肌动蛋白和跨膜蛋白,稳定细胞膜并调节膜流动性。若SPTA1发生突变(如HE(Hereditary Elliptocytosis)或HS(Hereditary Spherocytosis)相关突变),会导致α-血影蛋白结构异常或结合能力下降,引发红细胞形态改变(椭圆形或球形)、脆性增加,最终导致溶血性贫血。此外,SPTA1突变还与神经发育障碍(如智力障碍或共济失调)相关,因血影蛋白在神经元中同样参与细胞骨架调控。若SPTA1过表达,可能干扰红细胞骨架平衡,影响变形能力;而表达降低则直接削弱膜稳定性,加剧溶血风险。该基因家族共性为编码α或β亚基,形成柔性链状结构,通过钙离子依赖的自我关联实现动态组装,广泛参与细胞形态维持、膜域组织及信号传导。目前中文术语“血影蛋白”为Spectrin的通用译名,无显著争议。

Spectrin is an actin crosslinking and molecular scaffold protein that links the plasma membrane to the actin cytoskeleton, and functions in the determination of cell shape, arrangement of transmembrane proteins, and organization of organelles. It is a tetramer made up of alpha-beta dimers linked in a head-to-head arrangement. This gene is one member of a family of alpha-spectrin genes. The encoded protein is primarily composed of 22 spectrin repeats which are involved in dimer formation. It forms weaker tetramer interactions than non-erythrocytic alpha spectrin, which may increase the plasma membrane elasticity and deformability of red blood cells. Mutations in this gene result in a variety of hereditary red blood cell disorders, including elliptocytosis type 2, pyropoikilocytosis, and spherocytic hemolytic anemia. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

血影是一种肌动蛋白交联和分子支架蛋白的质膜链接到肌动蛋白细胞骨架,和功能在细胞形状,跨膜蛋白的结构,以及细胞器组织的确定。它是在一个头 - 头装置相连的α-β二聚体组成的四聚体。该基因是一个家庭的阿尔法 - 血影的基因中的一员。所编码的蛋白质主要是由所涉及在二聚体形成22血影重复。它形成比非红细胞血影阿尔法弱四聚体的相互作用,这可能会增加红血细胞的质膜的弹性和可变形性。突变在该基因的结果在各种遗传性红细胞疾病,包括elliptocytosis 2型,pyropoikilocytosis和球形红细胞溶血性贫血。 [由RefSeq的,2008年7月提供]

SPTA1基因的碱基序列:[NCBI]
Loading Gene Browser...
SPTA1基因的碱基突变:           仅显示部分snp
rs1616       rs1619       rs12601       rs90078       rs167818       rs226774       rs325993       rs325994       rs325995       rs325996       rs325997       rs325998       rs365037       rs366221       rs368029       rs378557       rs378794      

SPTA1基因在不同组织中的表达:    [UniProt]

基因在不同组织中的表达图
正向引物序列
正向Tm值
反向引物序列
反向Tm值
评分
TACTACTTGCCCATGGTGG
59
TGAGACATAGCCCTTCCTC
58
CACCATTGGATTGGCTCAG
59
CTTTGATGTCCTTGGCCTG
59
CAAAGGAAACCGTTGTGGA
59
GAGTCAACACTTCCTGACG
58
AGCTCTACCACTTTCTGGC
59
CAGAATGACACTTGCTCTGG
59
AAGAGGATCATAGGTTCAAGTC
57
TAAGGGCCAGTGGTTACAC
59
AATGACTTTGCTGTCCATGAG
59
CTCCTGCAACACCTTATTTAGG
59
CTTTCTGGATGGATCATTGCT
59
TTAGTTGACGCTTCATCGC
59
AGAGACACAGAGGATGAGGA
59
AATCAGGTCCTTTCCAAGGT
59
TACTACTTGCCCATGGTGG
59
TGAGACATAGCCCTTCCTC
58
GAAGAAGCTCAATGAGGCC
59
ATGTCTCTGCCTCTGAGAG
58
      尚未收录相关数据

SPTA1基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:

[UniProt]     [GenomeNet]

" d="M482.414,245.296c3.539,4.293,4.455,10.009,0.202,11 c-4.244,0.996-4.983-10.983-8.293-8.438c-5.271,4.08,9.834,12.271,5.144,17.287c-3.717,3.607-6.172-5.75-10.839-1.976 c-4.673,3.776,6.781,7.299,2.831,11.326c-4.354,4.045-6.979-1.449-9.837-5.517c-1.193-1.742-2.059-3.851-3.595-2.748 c-1.516,1.078-1.854,1.795-0.938,3.666c2.374,4.854,9.235,10.119,5.156,12.535c-5.636,3.346-5.044-8.871-9.426-7.574 c-4.388,1.291,2.557,10.66-1.245,11.141c-4.089,0.545-3.483-10.239-6.979-8.575c-2.522,1.206-0.929,3.071-0.938,4.899 c0.004,1.32-0.964,3.6-2.372,4.062c-3.593,1.171-8.544-1.065-10.251-3.59c-6.04-8.93,0.396-15.997,4.639-7.015 c3.023,4.642,5.182,0.834,2.839-2.219c-1.032-1.354-4.309-5.901-0.781-7.252c2.904-1.113,4.271,1.941,5.985,4.592 c2.61,4.016,5.485,0.117,3.031-3.414c-1.828-2.633-2.74-3.803,3.156-7.42c6.405-4.369,6.52,3.869,10.077,0.646 c2.309-1.832-4.783-5.149,0.06-8.995c2.896-2.293,5.18,6.207,7.961,3.516c3.523-2.737-7.717-7.369,0.117-11.736 C473.413,240.77,480.519,242.891,482.414,245.296z"/> Extracellular space Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi Apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion 0 1 2 3 4 5 Confidence
  • 质膜
  • 细胞质
  • 细胞外
  • 高尔基体
  • 囊泡
  • 细胞骨架
  • 内质网
  • 细胞核
  • 内体
  • 溶酶体
  • 线粒体

SPTA1基因的本体(GO)信息:

GO库代码
对应的蛋白质
来源代码
GO:0005509
A0A087WZE4 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0000165
P02549 (UniProtKB)
TAS
GO:0002260
P02549 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0005088
P02549 (UniProtKB)
TAS
GO:0005200
P02549 (UniProtKB)
TAS
GO:0005509
P02549 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0005515
P02549 (UniProtKB)
IPI
GO:0005515
P02549 (UniProtKB)
IPI
GO:0005515
P02549 (UniProtKB)
IPI
GO:0005515
P02549 (UniProtKB)
IPI
GO:0005829
P02549 (UniProtKB)
TAS
GO:0005829
P02549 (UniProtKB)
TAS
GO:0005829
P02549 (UniProtKB)
TAS
GO:0005829
P02549 (UniProtKB)
TAS
GO:0005829
P02549 (UniProtKB)
TAS
GO:0005829
P02549 (UniProtKB)
TAS
GO:0005829
P02549 (UniProtKB)
TAS
GO:0005829
P02549 (UniProtKB)
TAS
GO:0005829
P02549 (UniProtKB)
TAS
GO:0005829
P02549 (UniProtKB)
TAS
GO:0005829
P02549 (UniProtKB)
TAS
GO:0005829
P02549 (UniProtKB)
TAS
GO:0005829
P02549 (UniProtKB)
TAS
GO:0006779
P02549 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0006888
P02549 (UniProtKB)
TAS
GO:0007009
P02549 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0007015
P02549 (UniProtKB)
TAS
GO:0007411
P02549 (UniProtKB)
TAS
GO:0008091
P02549 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0008360
P02549 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0014731
P02549 (UniProtKB)
IDA
GO:0015629
P02549 (UniProtKB)
TAS
GO:0030097
P02549 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0031235
P02549 (UniProtKB)
TAS
GO:0032092
P02549 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0032437
P02549 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0042102
P02549 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0043547
P02549 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0046982
P02549 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0051015
P02549 (UniProtKB)
TAS
GO:0051693
P02549 (UniProtKB)
IEA

可能调控 SPTA1基因的相关microRNA:     

Reactome

MINT

BioGrid

IntAct

mentha

基因与其他基因之间的相互作用关系图
序号 作用方式 资源库来源/分值 基因名称 基因名称
疾病名称 关系值 NofPmids NofSnps 来源
疾病名称 关系值 NofPmids NofSnps 来源
ELLIPTOCYTOSIS 2 (disorder) 0.36 11 15 CLINVAR_CTD_human_UNIPROT
Hereditary pyropoikilocytosis 0.36 2 6 CLINVAR_CTD_human_UNIPROT
SPHEROCYTOSIS, TYPE 3 (disorder) 0.32 0 0 CLINVAR_CTD_human_MGD
Elliptocytosis, Hereditary 0.121357209 5 0 BeFree_ORPHANET
Hereditary spherocytosis 0.120542884 2 0 BeFree_ORPHANET
Anemia, hereditary spherocytic hemolytic 0.12 0 0 ORPHANET
SPHEROCYTOSIS, TYPE 1 (disorder) 0.080542884 2 0 BeFree_MGD
Anemia, Sickle Cell 0.08 0 0 MGD
Anemia, Hemolytic 0.0054487 2 0 LHGDN
beta Thalassemia 0.00272435 1 0 LHGDN

联系方式

山东省济南市章丘区文博路2号 齐鲁师范学院 genelibs生信实验室

山东省济南市高新区舜华路750号大学科技园北区F座4单元2楼

电话: 0531-88819269

E-mail: product@genelibs.com

微信公众号

关注微信订阅号,实时查看信息,关注医学生物学动态。