TYROBP(也称为DAP12或KARAP)是一种编码跨膜信号转导蛋白的基因,属于免疫受体信号传导复合物家族。它主要表达于免疫细胞(如自然杀伤细胞、巨噬细胞、树突状细胞和某些T细胞亚群)中,通过与多种免疫受体(如TREM家族、SIRPβ1等)结合,传递激活信号。TYROBP的胞内段含有免疫受体酪氨酸激活基序(ITAM),当受体与配体结合后,ITAM被磷酸化,进而招募Syk或ZAP70等激酶,启动下游信号通路,调控免疫细胞的活化、增殖和细胞因子分泌等功能。TYROBP的突变可能导致其功能丧失,例如在Nasu-Hakola病(一种罕见的遗传性疾病)中,TYROBP或TREM2的突变会导致破骨细胞和神经小胶质细胞功能障碍,引发早发性痴呆和骨囊肿。此外,TYROBP在阿尔茨海默病中也发挥作用,其表达异常可能影响小胶质细胞的炎症反应和β-淀粉样蛋白清除能力。过表达TYROBP可能增强免疫细胞的激活,导致过度炎症反应或自身免疫疾病,而表达降低则可能削弱免疫监视功能,增加感染或肿瘤风险。TYROBP属于TREM受体信号复合物家族,该家族成员均通过ITAM传递信号,参与先天免疫和炎症调控。其共性包括依赖跨膜受体与配体结合,并通过Syk家族激酶触发下游通路,影响细胞吞噬、迁移和炎症因子释放等过程。
This gene encodes a transmembrane signaling polypeptide which contains an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) in its cytoplasmic domain. The encoded protein may associate with the killer-cell inhibitory receptor (KIR) family of membrane glycoproteins and may act as an activating signal transduction element. This protein may bind zeta-chain (TCR) associated protein kinase 70kDa (ZAP-70) and spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) and play a role in signal transduction, bone modeling, brain myelination, and inflammation. Mutations within this gene have been associated with polycystic lipomembranous osteodysplasia with sclerosing leukoencephalopathy (PLOSL), also known as Nasu-Hakola disease. Its putative receptor, triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), also causes PLOSL. Multiple alternative transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2010]
该基因编码含有在其胞质结构域中包含免疫受体基于酪氨酸的活化基序(ITAM)的跨膜信号多肽。所编码的蛋白质可与杀伤细胞抑制性受体(KIR)家族的膜糖蛋白的关联,并且可以作为活化的信号转导元件起作用。这种蛋白质可结合泽塔链(TCR)相关的蛋白激酶的70kDa(ZAP-70)和脾酪氨酸激酶(SYK),并起到信号转导,骨造型,脑髓鞘和炎症的作用。该基因内突变已与硬化性白质脑病(PLOSL),也被称为那须Hakola疾病多囊卵巢lipomembranous osteodysplasia相关联。其公认的受体,触发受体骨髓细胞2(TREM2)表示,也导致PLOSL。编码不同亚型多重替代转录变异体已经确定了这个基因。 [由RefSeq的,2010年3月提供]
TYROBP基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
TYROBP基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
---|
4650 Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity [PATH:hsa04650] |
4380 Osteoclast differentiation [PATH:hsa04380] |
名称 |
---|
Adaptive Immune System |
Axon guidance |
Cell-Cell communication |
DAP12 interactions |
DAP12 signaling |
Developmental Biology |
Immunoregulatory interactions between a Lymphoid and a non-Lymphoid cell |
Innate Immune System |
Other semaphorin interactions |
Semaphorin interactions |
Signal regulatory protein (SIRP) family interactions |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
POLYCYSTIC LIPOMEMBRANOUS OSTEODYSPLASIA WITH SCLEROSING LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY | 0.442985861 | 11 | 5 | BeFree_CLINVAR_CTD_human_MGD_ORPHANET |
IGA Glomerulonephritis | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Liver diseases | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Inflammation | 0.00272435 | 1 | 0 | LHGDN |
Malignant neoplasm of ovary | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
Presenile dementia | 0.001628651 | 6 | 0 | BeFree |
Bone Cysts | 0.001085767 | 4 | 0 | BeFree |
Dementia | 0.000814326 | 3 | 0 | BeFree |
Osteodysplasia | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
Schizophrenia | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
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